Prepare the sauce: Mix 2.5 tablespoons Minsi paste, one generous piece red fermented tofu, 0.5 tablespoon hoisin sauce, 1 tablespoon sesame paste or peanut butter, 1 tablespoon granulated sugar, and 1 tablespoon water until well combined. Set aside.
Toast the brisket: Heat a dry wok over medium flame. Add the 1 kg of 1-inch cubed brisket and toast, stirring occasionally, until the meat shrinks and edges brown, about 10 minutes.
Fry aromatics and sauce: Rinse the wok, then heat 1 tablespoon peanut oil over medium heat. Fry 4 smashed garlic cloves, 2 smashed shallots, and 1 inch sliced ginger until garlic begins to brown (~1 minute). Add the prepared sauce, stir quickly, drizzle 1 tablespoon oil around sides, reduce heat to low. When oil separates from sauce (~1-2 minutes), add toasted brisket and stir-fry on high for about 1 minute. Finish by swirling in 1 tablespoon Shaoxing wine.
Braise the brisket: Add about 1.5 liters of hot boiled water to cover the beef by about half an inch. Bring to a boil. Add 1 star anise, 0.5 cinnamon stick, 0.5 teaspoon fennel seed, and soaked dried aged tangerine peel. Mix and transfer everything to a stewing pot (cast iron or claypot). Cover and cook over medium-low heat for about 2 hours until beef is tender.
Finish seasoning: After braising, season with 1 teaspoon sugar, 0.5 teaspoon salt, and 0.25 teaspoon MSG. Stir to combine.
Restaurant style serving (optional): In a smaller claypot over medium flame, fry 1 sliced shallot and 2 sliced garlic cloves in a little peanut oil until fragrant (~30 seconds). Layer in some braised beef stew, cover and bring to a rapid boil. Sprinkle Chinese celery or cilantro on top, re-cover, and swirl Shaoxing wine over the lid. Serve immediately in the pot.
Serving suggestions: Enjoy the brisket pot as a main dish with rice. Alternatively, serve over rice noodles, ladle sauce and brisket over blanched vegetables like lettuce, use in a banh mi-style sandwich, or turn into a hotpot by adding hot water and cooking vegetables, meatballs, or noodles.